Oil burner



Feliu. 18, 1930.; F. HARDINGE 1,747,365

OIL BURNER Filed July 13, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet l man/irl yarn 'ye Feb. 18, 1930.

-F. HARDINGE 1,747,365

OIL BURNER 'Filed July 15. 1925 s sheets-sheet l i l I r1 Y mlr .l

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OIL BURNER Filed July 13, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet Patented Feb. 18, 193@ 'taire ima rar ser@ FRANKLIN HARDINGE, OF CHIGAGO,` ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HARDINGE BROTHERS, INCORPORATED, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF' ILLINOIS oIL BURNER -Application filed July 13, 1923. Serial YNo. 651,304.

My invention relates to improvements .in oil burners, and is particularly concerned, though not necessarily limited, to oil burners of the rotary atomizer type.

The objects of my invention are:

First: To provide an oil burner comprising an atomizer, and means for supplying fuel thereto with automatic means for shut'- ting oii the supply of fuel to the atomizer in the event the atomizer ceases to operate.

Second: To provide an oil burner-comprising an atomizer, means for supplying fuel thereto, and means for igniting the combustible mixture formed by the atomizer, this means being automatic in character.

Third: To provide a Lconstruction of the character described, including means for rendering the igniting means active for apredetermined interval of time and for then rendering the igniting means inactive.

Fourth: To provide means such as described in which the supply of oil, to the- 'atomizer and the/control of the igniting means is eifected through the movement of a part of' the burner.

Fifth: Tov provide an oil-burner comprising an atomizing nozzle, means for supplying oil under pressure to vthe atomizing nozzle, means for rgniting the combustible mixture -formed by thev atomizer, and automatic means controlled by the pressure on the fuel supplied to the atomizer for determining the period over which said igniting means remains active. v

Sixth: To provide an oil burner conprising an atomizmg nozzle, means for supplying oil under pressure to said nozzle, a pilot light, and means controlled by the pressure on the oil supplied to said atomizer for automatically determining the period of time'l during which the pilot light is operative for Y igniting thecombustible mixture formed by the atomizing nozzle, and

, Finally, to provide an apparatus of the character described, which is simple in constructionand economical to manufacture.

Other objects of my invention will appear as this description progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in

which- Figure 1. is a side elevation, partially in elevation, showing certain details of construction of an oil burner embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a plan view showing certain details of construction of my improved burner, portions of the burner being broken away.

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the construction shown in Figure 2, portions thereof being broken away, and

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken on line 4 4 of Figures 2 and 3.

Throughout the several views, similar reference characters are used for referring to similar parts, fan d the several sections are taken looking in the direction of the small arrows.

I have illustrated my invention as being embodied in an oil' burner of the rotary atomizer type, comprising a bedl plate 10, and a base plate 11 mounted thereon. A hollow head 12 is carried by the inner end of the base plate and has journaled thereina rotary hollow spindle 13, on the upper end of which is mounted an outwardly,r flaring atomizing nozzle 14, which projects through provided with fan plates or vents '16 for supplying air to the spray Aor oil which is discharged from the atomizing edge 17 of the atomizing nozzle.

The spindle 13 and the atomizing nozzle secured thereto are rotated by means of'a suit' able motor 18, which is connected through a universal joint 19 with the shaft 20, the inner end of which is journaled in a suitable bearing in the head 12 and driving relation with the spindle 13 by means of any suitable gear- 1n0.

,For supplying oil to the atomizing nozzle 14, I provide a suitable source of oil 21. A pump 22, preferably of the gear type, withdraws fuel from the tank 12 through the intake pipe 23, and discharges it through the pipe 24 into a pressure chamber formed by the pipe 25 andthe four-vsv ay union 26. Ihe pressure of the oil in the pressure tank yust described is controlled by a pressure valve 27, which is connected with the upper en d i a suitable opening in the air ring 15'and is i further description thereof is believed to be of the pressure tank byvmeans of the T-union 28 and the pipe 29. This pipe discharges into the supply tank 21. Oil flows from the pressure tank through a control valve 30 and al pipe 31 through the valve unit V,details of construction of which will later be described, and the pipe 32 into the lower end of a standpipe 33, which projects upwardly through the head 12, the hollow spindle 13, and discharges adjacent the bottomof the rotary atomizer 14.

The construction thus far clearly set forth in my co-pending applica.-

' tions, Serial No. 572,455, filed July 3, 1922,

and Serial N o. 636,868, filed May 5, 1923, and

unnecessary.

For igniting the combustible mixture formed vby the atomizing nozzle, I provide one or more pilot lights 34, which project through the bottom 3 5 of the fire box of the j Apipe 37.

furnace to which the oil burner is to supply heat. These pilot lights are supplied with,

gas through a pipe 36, leading from a. suitable source of gas, the valve unit V, and the From the above description, it will ,be seen that both the fuel supplied tothe atomizing nozzleandthe gas for igniting the combustible mixture formed by the atomizing nozzle, pass through the valve unit V. This valve unit comprises a body member 38 having a longitudinal bore 39 extending therethrough,which isl somewhat reduced inv di-l ameter at the point where it intersects the transversely extending bore 40 passing -through the valve body. The'opposite ends'v of the bore 39 communicate with the pipes36 and 37 respectively. A by-pass 41 extends around the contracted portionof the bore 39, yand may be provided with an adjustable needle valve 42, whereby the control'ofv gas through the by-pass may be controlled as desired.` .1

A plunger valve 42 is reciprocably mounted inthe bore 40, and is provided at one end with .an inwardly extending counterbore 43, -which intersects the transversely extending bore 44 passing through the plunger valve 42.

The valve body is provided with lanother transversely extending bore 45, which is parallel with the bore 40, and in which is slidably mounted a'second plunger valve 46, having a longitudinally extending bore ,47 which provides a passageway between the lateral ports 48 and 49. The valve body 48 is provided with two spaced ports 50 and 51, with which the ports 48 and 49 are adapted respectively to be brought into registry. The

pipes 31 and 32 communicate with the ports,

50 and 51 respectively, so that when the plunger valve 46 is in suchI position that the ports 48 and 49 register with the ports 50 and 51 respectively, oilcan How through the pipe atomizing nozzle.

described is more 31, the valve unit V and the pipe 32 to the It is desirable to provide means for cuti ting ofl both the supply of oil to the burner and the main supply of gas to the pilot light in the event the supply of electricity to the motor is cut off. For'this reason, I provide means actuated by the motor for moving the two valves 42 and 45 to their Iopen positions when the motor is running, and for moving these valves to their closed positions when the motor ceases to operate. `This means is A tion, except when the shaft'v'() is rotating,

when the centrifugal force exerted upon the arms 53 and the links 55 cause them to swing outwardly, thereby moving the collar 54 toward the collar 52 against the tension of the spring 56. The collar 54 is provided with an annulargroove 57 for receiving the roller 58, which is mounted upon one end of the bell crankvlever 59. The bell lcrank lever 59 is pivoted at 60 upon a. bracket 61, extend# ing from one side of the lvalve body 38. The other end of thel bell crank lever 59 is pivotally connected with the valves 42 and 46 by means of the pivot pin 62, so that move-l end of the bell crank lever 59 is provided with an elongated slot 63 for receiving theupper /reduced end of the pin 62. This slot permits rectilinear movement of the two valves 42 audit. f .From the above description, it will be apparent thatwhen the motor is in operation, the two valves 42` and 46 will be urged to their ment of the lever 59 will be communicated to both valves. 4It will be noted that the outer.

open positions', but that when the motor ceases to operate these two valves will have been moved to their closed positions.

For igniting combustible mixtures frmed from the heavier distillates and fuel oils, it isv necessaryto have a pilot light vflamefof considerable size and intensity, but afterthe combustible mixture has been ignited, there is no reason for maintaining such a large flame, and I have therefore provided means for au 4 tomatically reducing the iow of gas to the pilot light, after a predetermined interval of time` subsequent tothe starting of the .oil burner to the flow which is accommodated by the by-pass 41. Forthis purpose, I provide a, pressure chamber 64, one eind of which is"` closed by a flexible diaphragm 65 secured in place by means of the cap66. This pressure chamber is provided with an inlet pipe I67 which is connected with the pressure chamber formed by the pipe section 25 and the four-way union 26. This pipe ends in a boss 68, having a passageway 69 formed therein which communicates with the interior of the pressure chamber 64. A valve 7() may be provided for regulating the portage of this passageway tor purpose which will later be referred to.

The pressure chamber 64 is provided with an outlet or discharge passageway 71 formed in theboss 72 and controlled by a valve 73. The passageway 71 communicates with the return pipe 74, the other end of which is connected with the return pipe 29,1as shown in Figure 1. I provide aninwardly opening check valve 75 at the upper side of the pressure chamber 64. This check valve is held in its closed'position by a very light compression spring. The pressure chamber/64 is supported upon one of the rails 77 of the burner by means of the bracket 78, which is secured to@l the rail 77 by a set screw 79.

As soon as the motor 18 begins to operate,

the gearpump22 starts pumping oil through the circulating system comprising the pipe 24, union 26, pipe 25, union 28 and pipe 29. Due to the lpresence of the pressure regulating valve27, oil will be forced through the pipe 67 into the pressure chamber 64, from which it can return to the tank 21 through the pipes 74 and 29. By proper adjustment of the valves 7 0 and 73, the rate of discharge from the chamber 64 can be made smaller than the rate of supply thereto, and in this manner the pressure chamber 64' can be caused to lill in a predetermined interval of time. The check valve 75 will, of course, prevent the escape of oil from the pressure chamber through the. port 80. As soon as the chamber 64 has' become filled, the pressure of the oil therein will cause' the flexible diaphragm to bulge outwardly, thereby moving outwardly the link 81, which has its inner end pivotally connected with a boss 82 secured to the centralvportion` of the diaphragm 65, and itsouter endpivotally connected with a crank arm 83'secured to the upper end ot the sleeve 84, which is mounted upon a stud 85 carried by the eccentrically mounted disc 86. This disc in turn is secured to the small base plate 87 and the rail 77 by means of a set screw 88 and a dowel pin 89. 'The 'connection betweenv the link 81 and the crank arm 83 is formed by means of the pin 90 and the slot 91, to provide means for. adjusting the throw of the crank arm 93 which is, secured to and projects from the sleeve 84. The outer end of 'the crank arm 93 is seated in a transversely extending slot 94 formed in the outer end of the secondary plunger valve 95, which valve is slidablyv mounted in the bore 43 of the plunger valve fter the motor 18 has once started,l the two valves 42 and 46 will be actuated by the centrifugal mechanism described above to permit a supply of oil to pass to the atomizer and a supply of gas to pass to the pilot light.

The combustible mixture formed by the atomizer will consequently be ignited by the pilot light. Thereafter, the chamber 64 will gradually be filled, and when it has become filled, the pressure exerted upon the oil therein will cause the mechanism just described to move the plunger valve 95 inwardly to a position where its inner end will'completely. overlap and close the ports 44 extending transversely of the plunger valve 42, thereby putlting oft' the main supply of gas to the pilot When, for any reason, the motor stops operating, the gear pump will likewise cease to operate, and there will be no further flow of oil to the chamber 64. The oil that is in this chamber will continue to drain therefrom through the pipe 74 until the pressure in the chamber is relieved to'such anextent that the spring 96, confined between thlecover 66 and the diaphragm 65, will returnthe link 81 to such a position that the plunger valve will be retracted, so as not to prevent the flow of gas to the pilot light when the plunger valve 42 is again properly positioned by the centrifugal mechanism. The valve 75 and the port 80 are provided for the purpose of permitting the access of air to the chamber 64 during the drainage of oil from this chamber.

From the above description, it will be apparent that l have provided means for auto-` vmatically controlling the supply of oil to the burner and the main supply of gas to the pilot light, and that Ihave also provided means -A for automatically cutting ott the main supply of gas to the pilot light after it has been `in bperation for a. suiiicient period of time to positively insurethe ignition or" the comv bustible mixture formed by the atomizer. .y

tations and modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An oil burner comprising an atomizer, a pump for supplying oil to said atomizer, a motor Jfor driving said pump, a pilot light ior igniting the combustible mixture Jformed by said atomizer, means for supplying gas to., said pilot light, including a valve comprising af body member having a port therethrough, a valve member having a transverse slidable in said bore, a pressure Vchamber consecting the port therein, a plunger slidable iii said bore, a pressure chamber connected with the pressure side of said'pump, said pressure chamber having an outlet, means for adjusting the portageofsaid outlet, a diaphragm actuated by the pressure in said pressure chamber, and means' actuated by said diaphragm for moving said plunger in said bore. l

2. An oil burner comprising an atomize'r, a pump for supplying oil -to said atomizer, a motor for driving'said pump, a pilot light for igniting the combustible mixture. formed lby said atomizer, means for supplying gas to said pilot light, including a valve comprising a body member having a port therein, a valve member having a port to be brought into registry with the port in said valve body member, speed .controlled means for actuating said valve member, said valve member having a bore intersecting the port therein, a plunger nec-ted with said pump, said pressure chamber having an outlet, and means actuated by the pressure in said pressure chamber for( moving said plunger in said bore.

3. An oil burner comprising an atomizer, a pump for supplying oil to said atomizer, a motor for driving said pump, a pilot light for igniting the spray, formed by said atomizer, means for supplying gas to said pilot light,

includinga valve comprising a body member *having a port therein,'a valve member for lcontrolling the flow,y of gas through said port,

speed controlled means for moving said valve member to its open position, and means actuated through' the operation of said pump for closing the port'in said body member, and

" means for determining the time interval between the starting of said motor and the closof said port,

. 4. An oil burner .comprising an atomizer, a pump for supplying oil to said atomizer, a

' motor for driving said pump, a pilot light for igniting the spray formed by'said atomizer, means for supplying gas to said pilot light,

including a valve'comprising a bod-y member having a port therein,l a valve member for controlling the flow of gas through said port,

means actuated by the pump motor for moving said valve member to its open position;

and means actuated through the operation of a motor for actuating said atomizer, means' for supplying oil to said atomizer, means for igniting 'the spray formed by said atomizer, means actuated by said motor for activating said ignition means, and means actuated by the passage ofoil from said supply means to said atomizer for rendering said igniting meansinoperative. f

vIn Witness whereof,- I hereunto subscribe my name this 10th day of July, 1923.

FRANKLIN HARDINGE.

said pumpfor closing the port in said body y member. i

5. Anv oilburner comprising an atomizer, a pump for supplying oil, to said atomizer, a pilot light for igniting the oil spray formed by' said atomizer, means for controlling the I "flow .of gas to said pilot light, comprising a valve, 'speed controlled means for opening 

